Affix function | number of borrowed affixes |
---|---|
Information and examples are from Aikhenvald (2012: 175–177). The following three forms are used consistently by speakers of all generations, a few more by younger speakers or inconsistently.
1 conditional‑potential enclitic
=bohta, e.g. kwe-bohtI waha‑pu‑bohta (how-conditional/1pl‑augmentative‑conditional) ‘how could we...’, hanipa‑bohta kasitana (big+classifier.closed_space‑conditional/be_fed_up) ‘It would be really annoying’ (Aikhenvald 1999: 104–105) (see also Aikhenvald 2003: 390–393)
2 manner enclitics
=pisi ‘stretch’, no examples of hybrid formations are given by Aikhenvald (2012: 175–177) or Aikhenvald (1999), but since lexical borrowing is very limited, it is safe to assume that there are many.
=miña ‘light’, used only with the verb ‘see’, e.g. di‑ka=miña (3sg.non_feminine‑see=light) ‘(close one’s eyes) and see little lights and stars’ (Aikhenvald 2012: 176)